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No. 044 · Hormones & Drive · Sexual Health

PT-141

BremelanotideVyleesi

S Tier S · Approved how tiers work →
  • FDA approved 2019
  • WADA — not listed
Compare Cite
Fingerprint 7 residues
PT-141 sequence fingerprint
  • Nonpolar 1
  • Positive charge 3
  • Negative charge 1
  • Modified / non-standard 2

Each dot is a residue placed around the ring from N- to C-terminus; its distance from the centre reflects its chemistry.

01

Evidence

  1. D In vitro
  2. C Animal
  3. B Human pilot
  4. A RCT
  5. S Approved

TIER S — Approved by the FDA or EMA for at least one indication.

Two phase 3 RCTs (RECONNECT) led to FDA approval as Vyleesi in 2019 for hypoactive sexual desire disorder in premenopausal women.

Tiers rate the strength of published evidence — not effectiveness, safety, or a recommendation.

02

At a glance

Residues
7 amino acids, N→C
Molecular weight
1,025.2 Da
Formula
C50H68N14O10
Routes studied
Subcutaneous, Intramuscular Routes used in published research
FDA
Approved (2019) Vyleesi Approved for acquired, generalized hypoactive sexual desire disorder in premenopausal women.
WADA
Not on the Prohibited List
03

Sequence

N → C · 7 residues · hover, tap, or use arrow keys to inspect

Note Cyclic heptapeptide: side-chain lactam bridge between Asp2 and Lys7; C-terminal free acid. It differs from melanotan II only at the C-terminus (acid vs. amide).

04

Overview

Bremelanotide, a melanocortin receptor agonist FDA-approved (Vyleesi) for hypoactive sexual desire disorder in premenopausal women. It acts centrally rather than on the vascular system.

Research status FDA-approved as Vyleesi (2019) for HSDD in premenopausal women, based on two randomized phase 3 trials (RECONNECT)

05

Mechanism

PT-141 (bremelanotide) is a cyclic heptapeptide melanocortin-4 receptor (MC4R) agonist that acts in the central nervous system to enhance sexual desire. Unlike PDE5 inhibitors, it works through hypothalamic melanocortin pathways that modulate dopaminergic signaling in reward and arousal circuits, increasing desire independent of vascular mechanisms.

06

Effects reported in research

Reported outcomes, not promises. Some come from controlled human trials; others may be from smaller or preclinical studies — check the studies below.

  • Increased sexual desire via central pathways
  • Enhanced arousal and satisfaction
  • Effective regardless of hormonal status
  • No cardiovascular mechanism of action
07

Safety & unknowns

FDA-approved (Vyleesi) with Phase III safety data. Common side effects: nausea (40%), flushing, headache, injection site reactions. Transient blood pressure increase may occur. Limited to one dose per 24 hours and 8 doses per month. Contraindicated in uncontrolled hypertension.

Unknowns. Trial safety data apply to the populations, formulations and conditions studied.

Informational only — not medical advice. peptidemeta publishes no dosing, protocols, or sourcing. Talk to a qualified clinician about any treatment decision.

08

Studies [1]

  1. Clinical trial 2019

    Bremelanotide for the Treatment of Hypoactive Sexual Desire Disorder: Two Randomized Phase 3 Trials

    Kingsberg SA, Clayton AH, Portman D, et al. Obstetrics and Gynecology

    Two identical 24-week phase 3 RCTs (RECONNECT, 1,267 premenopausal women with HSDD) in which bremelanotide modestly but significantly increased sexual desire and reduced related distress versus placebo.

    [pubmed] [doi]

10

Status sources

Sources behind the tier, regulatory status, sequence and dates on this page.

11

Cite this entry

$ cite --format=apa

peptidemeta. (2026). PT-141. In peptidemeta: The peptide library, ranked by evidence. Retrieved November 8, 2026, from https://peptidemeta.com/p/pt-141/

$ cite --format=bibtex 
@misc{peptidemeta-pt-141,
  title = {PT-141},
  author = {{peptidemeta}},
  year = {2026},
  howpublished = {\url{https://peptidemeta.com/p/pt-141/}},
  note = {Accessed 2026-11-08}
}

Accessed date reflects when you opened this page. Cite primary studies for scientific claims.

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